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Memory

 Optical Discs Use laser technology to read and write data on silver platters. Compact Disk (CD) can store 650MB to 800MB of information and data. CD-ROM (Read Only Memory) can only read data from a CD-ROM. You can store data on a CD only if you have a CD Burner and CD-R (writable) or CD-RW (rewritable) CD.  Digital Versatile Disk (DVD) Digital Versatile Disk (DVD) is the size of a regular CD and can be played in a regular DVD movie player. DVD can store 4.8GB to 8.0GB of information and data. DVD-ROM is readable only (a movie DVD). You can store data on a DVD only if you have a DVD Burner and DVD+R/DVD-R (Writable) or DVD-RW (rewritable) DVD. Pen Drive USB (Universal Serial Bus) Pen Drive is a compact secondary storage device. It is also known as a USB flash drive, thumb drive or a jump drive. It connects to a computer via a USB port. It is commonly used to store and transferrer data between computers. SD Card SD Card stands for Secure Digital Card. It is most often used in portable a
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Memory Unit and types of memory

 Memory Unit Found on the motherboard Short Term Random Access Memory (RAM) Long Term Read Only Memory (ROM) Random Access Memory (RAM) RAM is a read/write memory. Information can be written into and read from a RAM. It is a volatile memory. It retains the stored information as long as it is supplied with power supply is switched off or interrupted, the stored information in the RAM is lost. RAMs of various capacities are available for example, 256MB, 512MB and so on. Read Only Memory (ROM) Rom is a permanent type memory. Its content are not lost when power supply is switched off. The user cannot write into a ROM. Its contents are written into at manufacturing time. ROMs store permanent programs and other types of data which are needed by the computer to execute user program. Types Of ROM PROM (Programmable ROM) EPROM (Erasable PROM) EEPROM (Electronically Erasable PROM) Cache Memory The data or contents of the main memory that are used frequently by CPU are stored in the cache memory
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Central Process Unit (CPU) and its functions

 Central Processing Unit (CPU) CPU is the brain of any computer system. In a human body all major decisions are taken by the brain and all other parts of the body function as directed by the brain. Similarly, in a computer system, all major calculations, manipulations and comparisons are made by CPU. CPU is also responsible by all other units of the computer system. ALU - Arithmetic and Logic Unit CU - Control Unit Main Memory and Primary Memory Arithmetic/Logic Unit (ALU) All calculations including comparisons are made by the ALU. The data and instructions, stored in the primary memory prior to processing, are transferred to the ALU where processing takes place. Arithmetic operations include addition, subtractions, multiplication and division Logical operations involve comparisons.   Control Unit (CU) Control Unit will control the flow of data. Control Unit is the "boss" and coordinates all of the CPUs activities. Uses programming instructions, it controls the flow of  infor
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Types Of Digital Computer

 Types Of Digital Computer Micro Computer  Mini Computer  Mainframe  Super Computer Micro Computer Micro Computer can be classified into: Desktop PCs Sits on desks, Rarely moved, Large and Bulky Memory capacity, Graphics capacity and software availability vary from one computer of another used both for business and home applications. Portable PCs Can be moved easily from place to place Weight may varies Small PCs are popular known as laptop Widely used by students, scientist, reporters etc. Advantages Small Size Low Cost Portability Low Computing Power Commonly used for personal application Disadvantages Low Processing Speed Mini Computer Medium Sized Computer Also called the minis For example. IBM36, HP9000 etc. Computing power lies between microcomputer and mainframe computer. Terminals Mini Computer Characteristics Bigger size than PCs Expensive than PCs Multiuser Difficult to use More computing power than PCs Used by medium sized business organizations, colleges, libraries and bank
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Types of Computer

 Types of Computer Analog Computer Digital Computer Analog Computer Analog Computers handle or process information which is of a physical nature, as for example, temperature, pressure etc. Digital Computer Digital Computers process information which is essentially in a binary or two state form, namely zero and one. When talking about Computers, we mostly refer to the digital type of electronic machines. There are based on the measuring of analog or equivalent physical value.
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What do Computer do? Data and Information

 What do Computer do? Input, Process, Output and Store data Data and Information  All Computer processing requires data, which is a collection of raw facts, figures and symbols, such as numbers, words, images, video and sound given to the computer during the input phase. Computers manipulate data to create information. Information is data that is organized, meaningful and useful.
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What is a Computer?

 What is a Computer? Computer stands for " Commonly Operated Machine Particularly Used For Trade Education and Research" . It is a very versatile electronic machine man has ever created. Computers have made a great impact on everyday life. Their presence is felt in almost everyway of life be IT home, School, College, Office, Industry, Hospital, Bank, Retail stores, Railways, Research and Design Organizations etc.
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